Utilization of GIS for Determining Ideal Waste Collection Point (TPS) Locations in Yogyakarta City
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Abstract
Rapid population growth and dynamic urban economic activity directly correlate with an increase in waste generation, a global phenomenon also faced by Yogyakarta City. As a dynamic cultural, educational, and tourism hub, Yogyakarta City confronts significant challenges in formulating and implementing effective and sustainable waste management systems. If not handled optimally, waste accumulation not only degrades the city's aesthetics and creates an uncomfortable environment but also potentially triggers various public health issues, widespread environmental pollution (encompassing soil, water, and air), and significantly diminishes the quality of life for its residents. Within the complex waste management chain, the strategic determination of Temporary Waste Collection Points (TPS) locations constitutes a crucial element. TPS serve as vital transition points where waste is temporarily gathered before being transported to the Final Processing Site (TPA). However, the improper placement of TPS thus far has frequently been a primary source of public complaints due to odor emissions, visual blight, and the risk of disease vector propagation. Conventional approaches to TPS site selection, typically based on practical considerations without comprehensive spatial analysis, tend to overlook various geographical, social, and environmental factors holistically. Objective criteria such as optimal distance from waste generation sources, adequate accessibility for waste transport vehicles, population density in surrounding areas, and the presence of sensitive public facilities (e.g., schools or hospitals) are often neglected. Consequently, instead of providing effective solutions, many TPS have inadvertently created new environmental and social problems. Addressing this challenge, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) emerge as an innovative and effective solution. GIS technology possesses superior capabilities to integrate, store, analyze, and visualize spatial data along with its attributes with high accuracy. Utilizing GIS enables the identification of the most suitable locations for TPS by simultaneously considering various multi-interpretive criteria, a capability difficult to achieve with manual methods. Through careful spatial analysis, GIS can not only assist in mapping waste distribution and modeling efficient transport routes but also allow for land suitability assessment based on specific local regulations and preferences. Therefore, this research aims to explore and implement the utilization of GIS in the process of determining ideal waste TPS locations in Yogyakarta City. Through a systematic GIS-based approach, by applying analysis techniques such as overlay, buffering, and weighted overlay, and by considering comprehensive criteria (i.e., minimum distance from residential areas, road accessibility, safe distance from water sources, stable land conditions, as well as capacity and management aspects), it is expected to identify optimal potential locations. These locations are projected to meet environmental, social, economic, and technical criteria, and align with local regulations such as Yogyakarta City Regional Regulation Number 10 Year 2012 and Number 1 Year 2022 concerning Waste Management (PERDA). Thus, this research aspires to contribute to the creation of a more efficient, sustainable waste management system that minimizes negative environmental impacts and enhances the overall quality of life for the residents of Yogyakarta City
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